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REPORT ON THE YOGYAKARTA-CENTRAL JAVA EARTHQUAKE DISASTER

2009-02-24T04:13:00.000-08:00

1
1
REPORT ON THE YOGYAKARTA-CENTRAL JAVA EARTHQUAKE DISASTER
I. The Disaster and Its Impact
1. The 27 May 2006 earthquake hit the Provinces of Yogyakarta and Central Java at 5:53 a.m. local time, with its epicenter estimated at about 30 kilometers south of Bantul district in Yogyakarta Province. The first earthquake measured 6.2 on the Richter Scale. Subsequently, about 750 aftershocks have been reported, with the largest intensity recorded at 5.2. Coming within a short span after the earthquakes and the tsunami in 2004 and 2005, the recent disaster is a reminder of the natural perils facing the archipelagic country. Based on latest available information, more than 5,100 precious human lives have already been lost. About 9,000 individuals are estimated to have been injured, though estimates vary up to 20,000 individuals. About 200,000 people are estimated to have been displaced and rendered temporarily or permanently homeless. Table 1 presents data on the death toll and injuries, and the map in Attachment 1 shows the affected districts.
Table 1: Death Toll of the Central Java Earthquake
Province District/Municipality
Death Toll
Number Injured
Yogyakarta
3,464
5,142
Bantul
3,082
3,628
Yogyakarta
151
256
Sleman
174
119
Kulonprogo
15
354
Gunung Kidul
42
785
Central Java
1,672
3,443
Klaten
1,668
3,158
Magelang
1
285
Boyolali
3
-
Total
5,136
8,585
Source: Ministry of Social Affairs (update as of 29 May).
2. Extent of Physical Damage: Early reports and assessments indicate that the districts of Bantul and Yogyakarta in Yogyakarta Province and Klaten in Central Java Province have suffered widespread damages. Table 2 presents details in an illustrative manner.
Table 2: Summary of Impact
Category
Damages and Current Status
Housing
39,000 houses completely destroyed; and about 23,600 partly damaged. Local authorities and the army have set up tents, and temporary shelters are under construction
Power distribution
Three distribution towers damaged; power supply largely restored
Roads
Several roads and bridges damaged
Airport
Runway suffered cracks; and the terminal building partially collapsed. Air traffic restored on 29 May
Water supply
Bantul is the worst affected; relief efforts focused on getting clean water
Hospitals and Schools
Facilities in Bantul suffered damages – being assessed
Culture
Historic Prembanan temple suffered minor damages; Borobudur reported to be intact
2
3. Economic Impact: The most affected districts vary in terms of their predominant sources of livelihood. Agriculture and services together account for 28-40% in Bantul, Klaten and Sleman districts, while trade and services account for over 50% of total output in Yogyakarta – it being more urbanized, and its place as the center of culture and tourism. As Klaten and Bantul also have a manufacturing base, which is likely to have been affected by the earthquake. Table 3 presents sectoral distribution of regional output in the four most affected districts.
Table 3: Percentage Distribution of District Level Regional Product in
the Earthquake-affected districts (2003)
Economic Sector
Bantul
Sleman
Jogyakarta
Klaten
1. Agriculture
20.9
13.3
0.6
17.5
2. Mining
1.3
0.6
0.0
0.6
3. Manufacturing
15.0
16.6
10.7
23.4
4. Electricity, Gas, and Water
0.6
0.8
1.2
1.2
5.Construction
10.0
10.8
5.6
9.4
6. Trade, Hotel, and Restaurants
17.4
18.5
20.3
27.1
7. Transportation and Communication
8.1
10.7
16.2
3.9
8. Banking and Finance
7.1
12.0
15.4
5.2
9. Services
19.6
16.7
30.1
11.7
4. Initial assessments indicate that most of the impact has been suffered by the private sector, in the form of damages to private assets such as houses, other buildings, vehicles and equipment. Preliminary figures available from the Government indicate that the immediate relief and rehabilitation efforts – primarily in the form of provision of essential supplies and restoration of public goods - will require about $115 million. Various line ministries and oversight agencies are conducting impact assessments in their sectors.
II. Government’s Immediate Response
5. The National Disaster Management Agency (BAKORNAS) has undertaken the initial coordination of emergency relief and rescue efforts, in close cooperation with the Coordinating Ministry of People’s Welfare, Ministry of Social Affairs, the military, local governments, and various United Nations agencies. President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono has been in Yogyakarta since 27 May, arriving there hours after the disaster, and has set up an office to personally monitor the emergency relief efforts.
6. The resources and supplies mobilized include the following:
• Two battalions of the Indonesian military, supported by teams of medical staff, paramedics and supplemented by two Hercules transport planes for logistics and evacuation;
• Eighteen field hospitals set up by Ministry of Health;
• Essential supplies of water, food, tents and beds, coordinated by Ministry of Social Affairs; and
• Transport and logistics assistance by Ministry of Transport.
3
7. Vice President Jusuf Kalla, as the Head of BAKORNAS, has announced that the Government will provide: (i) Rp.30 million ($3,225) to those whose houses were severely damaged, and Rp.10 million ($1,075) for houses with minor structural damage; and (ii) about Rp.250,000 ($27) per household per month for the affected families for one year.
8. Coordinating Minister Boediono met with the donor community on 29 May. The Government’s intention is to plan for the immediate relief, and the medium-term rehabilitation and reconstruction in an integrated manner. The Government will focus on:
• Rehabilitation of houses through the village and sub-district structures, through the provision of block grants (over 6-12 months);
• Rehabilitation of public facilities (within 12 months); and
• Revival of economic activity (to be initiated during the relief phase).
9. Local Government Capacity: Unlike in the case of Aceh, the local governments in the affected regions are reported to have better planning and implementation capacities. The Government of Indonesia is yet to announce the coordination arrangements for the rehabilitation and reconstruction process. It is envisaged that the national Government will play more of a coordinating and less implementation role, in comparison with Aceh and Nias.
10. Damage and Loss Assessment (DLA): The Government, through the National Development Planning Agency (BAPPENAS), will work with the development partners in undertaking the DLA.
III. International Response
11. The international community has been swift in its response. Various UN agencies have mobilized essential emergency relief supplies, besides medical and other disaster management personnel. The UN Team has established a main coordination center at Yogyakarta and a liaison office in Klaten. Bilateral aid pledges for the immediate emergency phase have begun to come in, estimated at present at about $30 million.1 The International Red Cross has issued an appeal to raise $10 million.
IV. Asian Development Bank’s Response
12. Director General of SERD arrived in Jakarta within one day after the disaster, and met with Vice President Jusuf Kalla and Minister of Finance Sri Mulyani, to offer condolences and support on behalf of ADB. On 30 May 2006, President Kuroda arrived in Central Java, and traveled by road from Solo, through the affected areas, to Yogyakarta. President met with President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.2 President later traveled to Bantul District, the worst affected area in terms of death toll and physical damage, where he met with Coordinating Minister for People’s Welfare Bakrie and discussed the relief progress.
13. ADB’s Financial Support: President Kuroda has offered the Government of Indonesia $10 million in immediate grant assistance. Given the significant loss of human lives and livelihood, grant support from ADB has been appreciated by the Government. In addition, President has indicated that ADB could, based on findings of the DLA, provide $50 million in
1 These figures are preliminary, based on information compiled by ADB staff. They need to be verified and reconfirmed.
2 The other cabinet members who joined the meeting include: Ministers Boediono (coordinating minister for economy); Sri Mulyani (finance); Siti Fadilah Supari (health); Sudi Silalahi (cabinet secretary).
4
soft loans to help meet the rehabilitation needs. President Kuroda’s Media Statement and ADB’s Press Release on our support are presented in Attachments 2 and 3, respectively.
14. Sources of ADB’s Support: SERD has constituted a team of staff that is working with the Government and other development partners on the DLA, and exploring the financial sources of ADB’s support. The Government has requested ADB to ensure that the support for Yogya disaster does not displace ADB’s other assistance, including the resources provided for Aceh and Nias. As resources may be needed within a short span, staff will explore the option of initially utilizing uncommitted funds in the Earthquake and Tsunami Emergency Support Project (ETESP).
15. The commitment of $50 million in ADF loans can be realized through reallocation of resources in ongoing projects or processing of a new emergency project using ADF funds for projects currently in the pipeline, subject to the Government’s requirements and findings of the DLA. The possible ongoing, approved projects in which resources may be reallocated are presented in Table 4. Staff will undertake further detailed consultations with the Ministry of Finance, BAPPENAS, and the concerned line ministries, before finalizing the loan-financing options. Hence, this listing is to be considered as provisional.
Table 4: Existing Projects that May be Used for Yogyakarta
Rehabilitation-Reconstruction Support
Project
District Coverage
Needs that can be Met
Financing Options/Amount available
L2221: Rural Infrastructure Support Project (ADF)
• Does not include affected areas – but, GOI has NOT done district selection.
• Rural/Community infrastructure (all ADF)
• Total available: $50 million in ADF resources
• Subject to GOI’s prioritization, a large amount can be utilized for the affected areas
• Ready to use, once legal opinion is signed.
• All fund-flow mechanisms are in place, to enable ready use
• A Phase 2 of the project can be processed with ADF in 2007.
L2073: Neighborhood Upgrading and Shelter Sector Project (ADF)
• Yogyakarta
• Housing
• Urban community infrastructure: street paving and lighting, drainage/water supply/sanitation works, solid waste management
• $2 million in unallocated ADF funds
• Grant funding from other donors can be tapped to use the Project’s implementation arrangements
L1765: Community Empowerment for Rural Development (ADF)
• Does not include affected areas
• Community infrastructure
• $3 million in potential savings
5
16. ADB’s Coordination with Other Development Partners: President Kuroda has written to the heads of the Department for International Development (United Kingdom), Japan Bank for International Cooperation, the United Nations Development Programme, the United Nations Commission on East Asia and the Pacific, and the World Bank, requesting that all the development partners coordinate closely the DLA, and the design and implementation of rehabilitation and reconstruction initiatives, as has been done in the tsunami disaster and the Pakistan earthquake.
6
Attachment 1
7
Attachment 2
Asian Development Bank President Haruhiko Kuroda’s Statement to the Media
Presidential Palace, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
30 May 2006
Let me start by offering my deepest sympathy and condolences on behalf of the Asian Development Bank to the people of Indonesia, and to the families of the victims of this devastating natural disaster. Coming so soon after the 2004 earthquake and tsunami, our hearts go out to the people of Indonesia and we find strength in the courage they have shown under desperate circumstances.
I just have just concluded detailed and productive talks with President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. His quick response in setting up office near the disaster site and mobilizing the resources available to help people in need has been impressive. The Asian Development Bank and the international community stand behind him in this daunting task.
For our part, the Asian Development Bank has offered the Government of Indonesia US$10 million in immediate grant assistance and an additional $50 million in concessional funds for a total of $60 million to help meet the near-term rehabilitation needs of the quake-affected areas of Yogyakarta and Central Java.
We will work closely with the Government and other development partners in assessing the damage and loss caused by the earthquake and the rebuilding needs, and then help in implementing the consequent rehabilitation and reconstruction program.
We will help Indonesia with whatever it takes and provide more resources to help the people rebuild their lives and livelihoods.
8
Attachment 3
Jl. Jend Sudirman Kav. 44-46, Jakarta 10210,P.O. Box 99 JKPSA, Jakarta 10350A, Indonesia
Gedung BRI II, 7th Floor
Tel (632) 632-4444
ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK
ADB PLEDGES INITIAL $60 MILLION FOR JAVA EARTHQUAKE ASSISTANCE
YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA (30 May 2006) – The Asian Development Bank (ADB) today offered the Government of Indonesia US$10 million in immediate grant assistance, and $50 million in soft loans for a total of $60 million to help meet the rehabilitation needs of the earthquake-affected areas of Yogyakarta and Central Java.
“We will help Indonesia with whatever it takes and provide more resources to help the people rebuild their lives and livelihoods,” ADB President Haruhiko Kuroda said after meeting with Indonesian President, Dr. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono in Yogyakarta. He added “We will work closely with the Government and other development partners in assessing the damage and loss caused by the earthquake and the rebuilding needs, and then help in implementing the consequent rehabilitation and reconstruction program.”
President Kuroda is visiting today the areas affected by the devastating 27 May earthquake in central Java. He will meet with local government officials and some of those hardest hit by the natural disaster.
“Coming so soon after the 2004 earthquake and tsunami, our hearts go out to the people of Indonesia and we find strength in the courage they have shown under desperate circumstances,” Mr. Kuroda said.
After meeting with President Yudhoyono, Mr. Kuroda praised the head of state for his response to the emergency. “His quick response in setting up office near the disaster site and mobilizing the resources available to help people in need has been impressive. The Asian Development Bank and the international community stand behind him in this daunting task.”
Rajat Nag, Director General of ADB’s Southeast Asia Department, arrived in Jakarta Sunday to monitor the situation and determine how ADB can best assist Indonesia. He has met with Vice President Jusuf Kalla and Minister of Finance Sri Mulyani Indrawati.
ADB is also looking at its ongoing projects in Indonesia to determine how resources can be deployed efficiently and quickly on the ground.
ADB draws on long experience in dealing with natural disasters, including the recent Asian tsunami, which also hit Indonesia, and the South Asia earthquake.
9
ADB, based in Manila, is dedicated to reducing poverty in the Asia and Pacific region through pro-poor sustainable economic growth, social development, and good governance. Established in 1966, it is owned by 65 members - 47 from the region. In 2005, it approved loans and grants for projects totaling $6.95 billion, and technical assistance amounting to $198.8 million.
*****
I. The Disaster and Its Impact
1. The 27 May 2006 earthquake hit the Provinces of Yogyakarta and Central Java at 5:53 a.m. local time, with its epicenter estimated at about 30 kilometers south of Bantul district in Yogyakarta Province. The first earthquake measured 6.2 on the Richter Scale. Subsequently, about 750 aftershocks have been reported, with the largest intensity recorded at 5.2. Coming within a short span after the earthquakes and the tsunami in 2004 and 2005, the recent disaster is a reminder of the natural perils facing the archipelagic country. Based on latest available information, more than 5,100 precious human lives have already been lost. About 9,000 individuals are estimated to have been injured, though estimates vary up to 20,000 individuals. About 200,000 people are estimated to have been displaced and rendered temporarily or permanently homeless. Table 1 presents data on the death toll and injuries, and the map in Attachment 1 shows the affected districts.
Table 1: Death Toll of the Central Java Earthquake
Province District/Municipality
Death Toll
Number Injured
Yogyakarta
3,464
5,142
Bantul
3,082
3,628
Yogyakarta
151
256
Sleman
174
119
Kulonprogo
15
354
Gunung Kidul
42
785
Central Java
1,672
3,443
Klaten
1,668
3,158
Magelang
1
285
Boyolali
3
-
Total
5,136
8,585
Source: Ministry of Social Affairs (update as of 29 May).
2. Extent of Physical Damage: Early reports and assessments indicate that the districts of Bantul and Yogyakarta in Yogyakarta Province and Klaten in Central Java Province have suffered widespread damages. Table 2 presents details in an illustrative manner.
Table 2: Summary of Impact
Category
Damages and Current Status
Housing
39,000 houses completely destroyed; and about 23,600 partly damaged. Local authorities and the army have set up tents, and temporary shelters are under construction
Power distribution
Three distribution towers damaged; power supply largely restored
Roads
Several roads and bridges damaged
Airport
Runway suffered cracks; and the terminal building partially collapsed. Air traffic restored on 29 May
Water supply
Bantul is the worst affected; relief efforts focused on getting clean water
Hospitals and Schools
Facilities in Bantul suffered damages – being assessed
Culture
Historic Prembanan temple suffered minor damages; Borobudur reported to be intact
2
3. Economic Impact: The most affected districts vary in terms of their predominant sources of livelihood. Agriculture and services together account for 28-40% in Bantul, Klaten and Sleman districts, while trade and services account for over 50% of total output in Yogyakarta – it being more urbanized, and its place as the center of culture and tourism. As Klaten and Bantul also have a manufacturing base, which is likely to have been affected by the earthquake. Table 3 presents sectoral distribution of regional output in the four most affected districts.
Table 3: Percentage Distribution of District Level Regional Product in
the Earthquake-affected districts (2003)
Economic Sector
Bantul
Sleman
Jogyakarta
Klaten
1. Agriculture
20.9
13.3
0.6
17.5
2. Mining
1.3
0.6
0.0
0.6
3. Manufacturing
15.0
16.6
10.7
23.4
4. Electricity, Gas, and Water
0.6
0.8
1.2
1.2
5.Construction
10.0
10.8
5.6
9.4
6. Trade, Hotel, and Restaurants
17.4
18.5
20.3
27.1
7. Transportation and Communication
8.1
10.7
16.2
3.9
8. Banking and Finance
7.1
12.0
15.4
5.2
9. Services
19.6
16.7
30.1
11.7
4. Initial assessments indicate that most of the impact has been suffered by the private sector, in the form of damages to private assets such as houses, other buildings, vehicles and equipment. Preliminary figures available from the Government indicate that the immediate relief and rehabilitation efforts – primarily in the form of provision of essential supplies and restoration of public goods - will require about $115 million. Various line ministries and oversight agencies are conducting impact assessments in their sectors.
II. Government’s Immediate Response
5. The National Disaster Management Agency (BAKORNAS) has undertaken the initial coordination of emergency relief and rescue efforts, in close cooperation with the Coordinating Ministry of People’s Welfare, Ministry of Social Affairs, the military, local governments, and various United Nations agencies. President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono has been in Yogyakarta since 27 May, arriving there hours after the disaster, and has set up an office to personally monitor the emergency relief efforts.
6. The resources and supplies mobilized include the following:
• Two battalions of the Indonesian military, supported by teams of medical staff, paramedics and supplemented by two Hercules transport planes for logistics and evacuation;
• Eighteen field hospitals set up by Ministry of Health;
• Essential supplies of water, food, tents and beds, coordinated by Ministry of Social Affairs; and
• Transport and logistics assistance by Ministry of Transport.
3
7. Vice President Jusuf Kalla, as the Head of BAKORNAS, has announced that the Government will provide: (i) Rp.30 million ($3,225) to those whose houses were severely damaged, and Rp.10 million ($1,075) for houses with minor structural damage; and (ii) about Rp.250,000 ($27) per household per month for the affected families for one year.
8. Coordinating Minister Boediono met with the donor community on 29 May. The Government’s intention is to plan for the immediate relief, and the medium-term rehabilitation and reconstruction in an integrated manner. The Government will focus on:
• Rehabilitation of houses through the village and sub-district structures, through the provision of block grants (over 6-12 months);
• Rehabilitation of public facilities (within 12 months); and
• Revival of economic activity (to be initiated during the relief phase).
9. Local Government Capacity: Unlike in the case of Aceh, the local governments in the affected regions are reported to have better planning and implementation capacities. The Government of Indonesia is yet to announce the coordination arrangements for the rehabilitation and reconstruction process. It is envisaged that the national Government will play more of a coordinating and less implementation role, in comparison with Aceh and Nias.
10. Damage and Loss Assessment (DLA): The Government, through the National Development Planning Agency (BAPPENAS), will work with the development partners in undertaking the DLA.
III. International Response
11. The international community has been swift in its response. Various UN agencies have mobilized essential emergency relief supplies, besides medical and other disaster management personnel. The UN Team has established a main coordination center at Yogyakarta and a liaison office in Klaten. Bilateral aid pledges for the immediate emergency phase have begun to come in, estimated at present at about $30 million.1 The International Red Cross has issued an appeal to raise $10 million.
IV. Asian Development Bank’s Response
12. Director General of SERD arrived in Jakarta within one day after the disaster, and met with Vice President Jusuf Kalla and Minister of Finance Sri Mulyani, to offer condolences and support on behalf of ADB. On 30 May 2006, President Kuroda arrived in Central Java, and traveled by road from Solo, through the affected areas, to Yogyakarta. President met with President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.2 President later traveled to Bantul District, the worst affected area in terms of death toll and physical damage, where he met with Coordinating Minister for People’s Welfare Bakrie and discussed the relief progress.
13. ADB’s Financial Support: President Kuroda has offered the Government of Indonesia $10 million in immediate grant assistance. Given the significant loss of human lives and livelihood, grant support from ADB has been appreciated by the Government. In addition, President has indicated that ADB could, based on findings of the DLA, provide $50 million in
1 These figures are preliminary, based on information compiled by ADB staff. They need to be verified and reconfirmed.
2 The other cabinet members who joined the meeting include: Ministers Boediono (coordinating minister for economy); Sri Mulyani (finance); Siti Fadilah Supari (health); Sudi Silalahi (cabinet secretary).
4
soft loans to help meet the rehabilitation needs. President Kuroda’s Media Statement and ADB’s Press Release on our support are presented in Attachments 2 and 3, respectively.
14. Sources of ADB’s Support: SERD has constituted a team of staff that is working with the Government and other development partners on the DLA, and exploring the financial sources of ADB’s support. The Government has requested ADB to ensure that the support for Yogya disaster does not displace ADB’s other assistance, including the resources provided for Aceh and Nias. As resources may be needed within a short span, staff will explore the option of initially utilizing uncommitted funds in the Earthquake and Tsunami Emergency Support Project (ETESP).
15. The commitment of $50 million in ADF loans can be realized through reallocation of resources in ongoing projects or processing of a new emergency project using ADF funds for projects currently in the pipeline, subject to the Government’s requirements and findings of the DLA. The possible ongoing, approved projects in which resources may be reallocated are presented in Table 4. Staff will undertake further detailed consultations with the Ministry of Finance, BAPPENAS, and the concerned line ministries, before finalizing the loan-financing options. Hence, this listing is to be considered as provisional.
Table 4: Existing Projects that May be Used for Yogyakarta
Rehabilitation-Reconstruction Support
Project
District Coverage
Needs that can be Met
Financing Options/Amount available
L2221: Rural Infrastructure Support Project (ADF)
• Does not include affected areas – but, GOI has NOT done district selection.
• Rural/Community infrastructure (all ADF)
• Total available: $50 million in ADF resources
• Subject to GOI’s prioritization, a large amount can be utilized for the affected areas
• Ready to use, once legal opinion is signed.
• All fund-flow mechanisms are in place, to enable ready use
• A Phase 2 of the project can be processed with ADF in 2007.
L2073: Neighborhood Upgrading and Shelter Sector Project (ADF)
• Yogyakarta
• Housing
• Urban community infrastructure: street paving and lighting, drainage/water supply/sanitation works, solid waste management
• $2 million in unallocated ADF funds
• Grant funding from other donors can be tapped to use the Project’s implementation arrangements
L1765: Community Empowerment for Rural Development (ADF)
• Does not include affected areas
• Community infrastructure
• $3 million in potential savings
5
16. ADB’s Coordination with Other Development Partners: President Kuroda has written to the heads of the Department for International Development (United Kingdom), Japan Bank for International Cooperation, the United Nations Development Programme, the United Nations Commission on East Asia and the Pacific, and the World Bank, requesting that all the development partners coordinate closely the DLA, and the design and implementation of rehabilitation and reconstruction initiatives, as has been done in the tsunami disaster and the Pakistan earthquake.
6
Attachment 1
7
Attachment 2
Asian Development Bank President Haruhiko Kuroda’s Statement to the Media
Presidential Palace, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
30 May 2006
Let me start by offering my deepest sympathy and condolences on behalf of the Asian Development Bank to the people of Indonesia, and to the families of the victims of this devastating natural disaster. Coming so soon after the 2004 earthquake and tsunami, our hearts go out to the people of Indonesia and we find strength in the courage they have shown under desperate circumstances.
I just have just concluded detailed and productive talks with President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. His quick response in setting up office near the disaster site and mobilizing the resources available to help people in need has been impressive. The Asian Development Bank and the international community stand behind him in this daunting task.
For our part, the Asian Development Bank has offered the Government of Indonesia US$10 million in immediate grant assistance and an additional $50 million in concessional funds for a total of $60 million to help meet the near-term rehabilitation needs of the quake-affected areas of Yogyakarta and Central Java.
We will work closely with the Government and other development partners in assessing the damage and loss caused by the earthquake and the rebuilding needs, and then help in implementing the consequent rehabilitation and reconstruction program.
We will help Indonesia with whatever it takes and provide more resources to help the people rebuild their lives and livelihoods.
8
Attachment 3
Jl. Jend Sudirman Kav. 44-46, Jakarta 10210,P.O. Box 99 JKPSA, Jakarta 10350A, Indonesia
Gedung BRI II, 7th Floor
Tel (632) 632-4444
ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK
ADB PLEDGES INITIAL $60 MILLION FOR JAVA EARTHQUAKE ASSISTANCE
YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA (30 May 2006) – The Asian Development Bank (ADB) today offered the Government of Indonesia US$10 million in immediate grant assistance, and $50 million in soft loans for a total of $60 million to help meet the rehabilitation needs of the earthquake-affected areas of Yogyakarta and Central Java.
“We will help Indonesia with whatever it takes and provide more resources to help the people rebuild their lives and livelihoods,” ADB President Haruhiko Kuroda said after meeting with Indonesian President, Dr. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono in Yogyakarta. He added “We will work closely with the Government and other development partners in assessing the damage and loss caused by the earthquake and the rebuilding needs, and then help in implementing the consequent rehabilitation and reconstruction program.”
President Kuroda is visiting today the areas affected by the devastating 27 May earthquake in central Java. He will meet with local government officials and some of those hardest hit by the natural disaster.
“Coming so soon after the 2004 earthquake and tsunami, our hearts go out to the people of Indonesia and we find strength in the courage they have shown under desperate circumstances,” Mr. Kuroda said.
After meeting with President Yudhoyono, Mr. Kuroda praised the head of state for his response to the emergency. “His quick response in setting up office near the disaster site and mobilizing the resources available to help people in need has been impressive. The Asian Development Bank and the international community stand behind him in this daunting task.”
Rajat Nag, Director General of ADB’s Southeast Asia Department, arrived in Jakarta Sunday to monitor the situation and determine how ADB can best assist Indonesia. He has met with Vice President Jusuf Kalla and Minister of Finance Sri Mulyani Indrawati.
ADB is also looking at its ongoing projects in Indonesia to determine how resources can be deployed efficiently and quickly on the ground.
ADB draws on long experience in dealing with natural disasters, including the recent Asian tsunami, which also hit Indonesia, and the South Asia earthquake.
9
ADB, based in Manila, is dedicated to reducing poverty in the Asia and Pacific region through pro-poor sustainable economic growth, social development, and good governance. Established in 1966, it is owned by 65 members - 47 from the region. In 2005, it approved loans and grants for projects totaling $6.95 billion, and technical assistance amounting to $198.8 million.
*****

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"Milagros" Charm Choker Necklaces Are Hand Sewn With Coordinated Ties For Easy Wear.

"Milagros" Means Miracles, And Are Offered At The Altar For Good Health Throughout Mexico And Other Regions Of Latin America.

Each Choker Is Slightly Different, And The Charm Selection Varies Depending Upon Availability. Currently, Charms Have Silver Patina, But Soon I Hope To Be Able To Offer Gold Patina, As Well.

*Fabric Selection: (Varies Depending Upon Availability)

Rainbow
Purple
Mexican Pink
Royal Blue
Red
Denim Blue
Black
**Print On Yellow Background
Not Shown: White
Forest Green
Subtle Cream Print
Lilac

* If You Have A Specific Fabric You Would Like To Use Instead Of The Selection Above, Send At Least 1/4 Yard (Remainder Not Returnable) To The Address Below - NO KNITS, SHEERS, NAP, PILE, WIDE WEAVE, STIFF, Or THICK FABRIC. Make Sure When Folded, The Seams Would Not Show Through. Please Allow Additional Time For Custom Orders:

Las Cabañelas ®
Sandi Root
32841 Claire Cove
Bulverde, TX 78163

** Print On Yellow Background Has No "Milagros", But Sequins Instead. Very Soft. Very Cute.

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	Milagros Charm Choker Necklaces

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history of temple borobudur

2009-01-22T00:49:00.000-08:00

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PT. Different Bali Indonesia Tours & Travel

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Bali - INDONESIA
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The Fascinating Borobudur Temple

Overlooking the fertile valley of Magelang and facing the volcano Merapi, 40 km north from the province of Jogjakarta, stands a breathtaking monument that was built during the 8th century by the Bouddhist dynasty of Sailendra.

This is the most prestigious monument in Indonesia, and the world’s largest Buddhist temple. The different levels of the monument symbolizes the different levels of wisdom we have to go through during life until reaching the enlightenment of Buddha, symbolized by the spectacular upper terraces.

The global architecture (obvious when seen from the air) is actually a mandala (sacred diagrams initiating people with spiritual awareness). Borobudur is the place where you may find a new vision of the world…and yourself.

The “discovery” and “restauration”

Some said the monument was discovered by the Dutch Cornelius De Houtman in 1817 with most of its side covered with soil but the people of Jogjakarta were well aware of its existence… The Dutch military engineer was deputed by Raffless to investigate this discovery but the first major conservation step was taken in 1874 by draining the sunken area with sand by Kinsbergen. The major conservation action took place in between 1907-1911 leaded by the Thedar van Earp. He reconstructed the upper round terrace by using many new stones. But still, the monument was deteriorating and it was only in 1975-1984 that UNESCO came to rescue and sponsor the restoration and conservation of the monument. This was a huge work: millions stones were taken piece by piece and cleaned carefully. New foundation was put on as well. The result is one of the most ambitious and successful restoration ever. A must to see for any serious traveler!

Escape from the illusory world

The lowest level of the monument exposes the “realm of desire”, a state of mind with a lack of morality, previous to the teachings of the Buddha. The second level shows the “realm of forms”, which is the stage when humans get wiser about the meaning of life and are trying to get virtuous. The third and highest level is the “realm of formlessness”, where one understands already that the visible world is illusory and the real aim of life is in the inside of oneself: purification in order to escape from the circle of reincarnations, meaning sufferings… Are you ready?

MAHAKARMA BINANGGA: Relief numbering of 160 panels
MAHAKARMA VIBANGGA: Relief the opt of laws, punishment and various sins.
ELEPHANT: relief that tells the queens dream to Lumbini park in the preparation of the birth of budda (see panel 28)
JATAKA: The lowest relief of the main wall which shows the prince who married a nymph.
GANDARYUHA: Sudhana the merchant client who made pilgrimage by searching for spiritual knowledge.

Realm

The visit or who reaches the upper most of the monument experiencing the start link physical transition of great marvels of Borobudur. The Gallery bellows completely cut off from the outside world. To reach the round terraces one enters the large open space giving a magnigicent values of 72 stupas with the diameter of 9,9 meters. The smallest one has lattice structure which makes it possible to see Buddha’s images set inside and all of these Buddha’s display a Mudra with posture that symbolizes Sakyamuni’s first service. It is believed who ever touches the stupa will obtain good fortune. The massive stupa in the centre of the monument has no openings but it is not solid. Unfortunately there are two hollows in this tombs at his centre, one above other and found the chambers had been broken into by man searching for treasures and the unfinished Buddha is now rest in the base beneath tree about one hundred meters to the west side of the monument.

RUPADHATU: man enlighten by the meaning of life, to sacrifice oneself for others.
KAMADATU: realm of desire represents t state of man before acquired knowledge of morality before the teaching of Buddha.
ARUPADATU: Realm of formlessness in this world of the invisible and the highest to the 3 upper terraces of the monument.

Panels

The first panel shows, second he informed the assembled deities that he will be born as human till the next live, concern the activities of the heaven.
Panel 8: queen Maya as the future mother of Buddha with her husband king Sudhodanna.
Panel 28 the preparation for the birth of Buddha. Panel 49 Archery, Panel 56 encounter old age, sickness panel 57, death 58, monk 59, Gautama escape from his father place 65, cuts off his hair and attacked by demon Mara 94, he is attempted by mara,s daughter 95, Buddha enlightment 96, Buddha crosses the gangga 115. the first sermon in deer park of Benares16 and Nymph are taking water from pools, prince and his spouse are serenaded 19.

The Position of Buddha

Aksodhya in the East, Ratna Sembova position in the South, Amitabha in the west and North Amanghasidda. Each position on the top wall with Vairocana as the guardian of the centre of the zenith.